Water Hemlock
Cicuta maculata (Cicuta mexicana)
Smooth, erect, highly branched plant bearing dome- shaped, loose clusters of small white flowers. The sturdy stem is magenta-streaked. Flowers: florets about 1/6" (4 mm) long; no bracts beneath flattened umbels, 3" (7.5 cm) wide. Leaves: lower ...… read more
Introduced. A tall, usually much-branched, imposing plant with purple-spotted stems, compound leaves, and small compound umbels of white flowers. Flowers: 1/16" (2 mm) long; sepals absent; petals 5; compound umbel 1 1/2-2" (4-5 cm) wide ...… read more
Introduced. A few large, flat-topped lacy umbels with tiny white flowers, hairy on top, sometimes nearly smooth, with one dark reddish-brown, purple or pink floret usually at center of umbel; lacy-leafed stem. Flowers: compound umbels 3-6" ...… read more
Introduced, weedy plant of the carrot family with ridged stems bearing umbels of yellow flowers. Flowers: tiny yellow flowers in flat, broad clusters. Leaves: pinnately compound, with 5–15 ovate, toothed or lobed leaflets. Height: 5' (1.5 m).… read more
Branched, bushy plant with numerous small pink, nodding, bell-like flowers, fragrant and striped inside with deeper pink. Milky juice exudes from broken stems and leaves. Flowers: 1/3" (8 mm) wide; clustered at top or rising from leaf axils. Leaves ...… read more
Growing at ground level in the crotch between 2 leafstalks is a single darkish red-brown to green-brown flower. Flowers: 1 1/2" (3.8 cm) wide, cup-shaped, with 3 pointed lobes. Leaves: a pair; large, hairy, heart-shaped, each 3-6" (7.5-15 cm) ...… read more
Deep pink flowers clustered at the top of a tall, branching stem, bearing numerous narrow, lanceolate leaves. Flowers: 1/4" (6 mm) broad, typical of the milkweeds, with 5 recurved petals and elevated central crown divided into 5 parts. Leaves: to ...… read more
A tall, downy plant with slightly drooping purplish to pink flower clusters. Flowers: 1/2" (1.3 cm) wide, with 5 downward-pointing petals and a conspicuous 5-part central crown; in clusters 2" (5 cm) wide. Leaves: 4-10" (10-25 cm) long, opposite, ...… read more
White Snakeroot
Ageratina altissima (Eupatorium rugosum)
Solitary or clustered firm stems bear flat-topped clusters of small fuzzy white flower heads composed entirely of disk flowers. Flowers: heads about 1/5" (5 mm) long and 1/6" (4 mm) wide. Leaves: 2 1/2-7" (6-18 cm) long, opposite, ovate, stalked, ...… read more
Coarse, hairy-stemmed annual with inconspicuous flowers in elongated clusters. Flowers: male, small yellow-green, packed with yellow stamens, borne in heads of 15-20 florets each, arranged on slender clusters 1-6" (2.5-15 cm) long, near top of plant ...… read more
A tall, coarse leafy plant with a hairy stem commonly branched in the upper half and bearing several or many flower heads, the central maroon disk surrounded by many bright yellow rays. Flowers: heads 3-6" (7.5-15 cm) wide; ovate bracts enclose heads ...… read more
Golden Ragwort
Packera aurea (Senecio aureus)
Smooth plant with yellow daisy-like flower heads in flat-topped clusters. Flowers: 3/4" (2 cm) wide, each head with 8-12 yellow ray flowers and yellow central disk flowers. Leaves: basal leaves 1/2-6" (1.3-15 cm) long, heart- shaped, with long ...… read more
Coarse, rough-stemmed plant with daisy-like flower heads made up of showy golden-yellow ray flowers, with disk flowers forming a brown central cone. Flowers: head 2-3" (5-7.5 cm) wide. Leaves: 2-7" (5-17.5 cm) long, lanceolate to ovate, rough, ...… read more
Cutleaf Coneflower
Rudbeckia laciniata (Rudbeckia ampla)
A tall, leafy plant whose erect branches end in large yellow flower heads with downward-arching rays. Flowers: heads 3-6" (7.5-15 cm) wide with a cylindrical or conical brown disk and 6-16 slender rays 1-2 1/2" (2.5-6.3 cm) long. Leaves: 3-8" ...… read more
Erect perennial with flat-topped clusters of bright orange-yellow, button-like flower heads. Flowers: heads 1/2" (1.3 cm) wide, composed entirely of disk flowers with occasional ray-like extensions developing from marginal flowers. Leaves: 4-8" ...… read more
Rough-stemmed plant with separate greenish male and female flower heads. Flowers: female form spiny, nonhairy, ovoid burs. 1/2-1 1/2" (1.3-3.8 cm) long, in leaf axils; male, on short spikes. Leaves: 2-6" (5-15 cm) long, maple-like, coarsely ...… read more
May-apple
Podophyllum peltatum
Description: Solitary, nodding flower borne in the crotch between a pair of large, deeply lobed leaves. Flowers: 2" (5 cm) wide, with 6-9 waxy white petals. Leaves: to 1' (30 cm) wide. Fruit: large, fleshy, lemon-like berry. Height: 12-18" ...… read more
Woody vine with trumpet-shaped, reddish-orange to yellow-orange flowers. Flowers: 2 1/2" (6.3 cm) long; corolla 5-lobed. Leaves: pinnately compound, with 7-11 toothed, ovate, pointed leaflets, each about 2 1/2" (6.3 cm) long. Fruit: capsule 6" ...… read more
Hairy plant with showy, tubular blue flowers, each with protruding red stamens, in 1-sided clusters on lateral branches; clusters uncoil as flowers bloom. Flowers: 3/4" (2 cm) long, hairy, oblong to lanceolate. Fruit: rough nutlets. Height: 1-2 ...… read more
Tufted plant with elongated clusters of small bright yellow flowers atop erect leafy stems. Flowers: 1/3" (8 mm) wide, with 4 petals forming a cross; 6 stamens. Leaves: lower ones 2-5" (5-12.5 cm) long, with stalks, pinnately divided into 5 ...… read more
Field Mustard
Brassica rapa (Brassica campestris)
Introduced; invasive. A somewhat spindly plant topped with clusters of bright yellow flowers. Flowers: 3/4" (2 cm) wide; 4 petals and 4 sepals; in round-topped clusters.Leaves: alternate; upper leaves ...… read more
Erect leafy stems, often in clusters, with racemes of flowers resembling flaming red spires. Flowers: corolla 1-1 1/2" (2.5-3.8 cm) long, 5-petaled, bilaterally symmetrical, with 2 small upper lobes and 3 larger lower lobes, united stamens form a tube ...… read more
Slightly hairy stems may be simple or branches and have several tiny lavender or blue-violet flowers in terminal, leafy, elongated clusters. Flowers: 1/4" (6 mm) long, 2-lipped, lower lip bearded; after flowering, calyx surrounding fruit becomes ...… read more
Showy, bright blue flowers are in the axils of leafy bracts and form an elongated cluster on a leafy stem. Flowers: about 1" (2.5 cm) long, 2-lipped, the lower-lip striped with white; calyx hairy, with 5 pointed lobes; stamens 5, forming a united tube ...… read more
Leafy, sparingly branched plant with smooth stems, swollen at the nodes, and terminal clusters of white or pinkish fragrant flowers. Flowers: about 1" (2.5 cm) wide, with 5 delicate, scalloped petals with small appendages at their throats; ...… read more
Burning Bush
Bassia scoparia (Kochia scoparia, Kochia sieversiana)
Introduced; invasive. A bushy Eurasian herb that often turns entirely rust red in fall. Flowers: greenish, minute, inconspicuous; grow in leaf axils. Leaves: 3/4-4" (2-10 cm) long; linear; usually with silky hairs below ...… read more
On a branching plant, often with red-streaked stems, grow clustered spikes of minute, unstalked flowers. Flowers: less than 1/16" (1.5 mm) wide, sessile, with greenish calyx; petals lacking. Leaves: 1-4" (2.5-10 cm) long; triangular or diamond- ...… read more
Bright yellow, star-like flowers bloom in an open, round-topped flower cluster on several erect stems, especially leafy and branched near the top. Flowers: nearly 1" (2.5 cm) wide; petals 5, longer than sepals, sometimes with black dots near tips; ...… read more
Leafy Spurge
Euphorbia esula (Tithymalus uralensis)
Introduced; invasive. A broad, open, dome-shaped cluster of tiny, greenish flowers among broad paired bracts; stems with milky sap. Flowers: Attached to inside of a cup about 1/8" (3 mm) wide; 4 tan-green, crescent-shaped glands ...… read more
Smooth, bushy perennial with numerous few-flowered, elongated terminal clusters of yellow pea-like flowers. Flowers: 1/2" (1.3 cm) long. Leaves: palmately compound, with 3 ovate to wedge- shaped leaflets, 1/2-1 1/2" (1.3-3.8 cm) long. Fruit: ...… read more
Introduced. Pink-and-white pea-like flowers in head-like clusters that arise from the leaf axils on a sprawling or upward-curving stem. Flowers: upper dilated petals (standard) pink; side petals (wings) often whitish; in clusters to 1" (2.5 cm) wide. ...… read more
Introduced climbing or trailing vine with large, showy, pink to purple flowers. Can be invasive. Flowers: pale pink to magenta 1" (2.5 cm) pea-flowers in 2" (5 cm) stalked clusters at leaf axils. Leaves: leaf-like wings along stem ...… read more
Stems trail on the ground and root, their tips turning upward, and in the axils of pinnately compound, clover-like leaves grow stalks with loose heads of yellow "pea flowers." Flowers: 3/8-5/8" (9-15 mm) long; petals 5, bright yellow, tinged ...… read more
Alfalfa
Medicago sativa
Introduced; can be invasive. Cluster of flowers on low or prostrate stems. Flowers: blue-violet (occasionally white to yellow) 1/2" (12 mm) pea-flowers in short spikes. Leaves: clover-like, divided in 3s. Fruit: coiled, spiral ...… read more
Deep pink "pea flowers" in round or egg-shaped heads on an erect, hairy stem, with leaves divided into 3 oval leaflets. Flowers: 1/2" (1.3 cm) long, in heads about 1" (2.5 cm) long and 1/2-1 1/2" (1.3-3.8 cm) wide; upper petal (standard) folded over 2 ...… read more
Introduced, sometimes invasive. Many-branched, climbing annual vine of the pea family. Flowers: Reddish-purple 1" (2.5 cm) pea-flowers, with 5-toothed calyx; in clusters of 1-3, near leaf bases. Leaves: pinnately ...… read more
A climbing plant with spreading hairs on the stem and long-stalked, one-sided clusters of many violet and white, pea-like flowers. Flowers: about 2/3" (1.6 cm) long. Leaves: pinnately compound, with 5-10 pairs of narrowly oblong to linear leaflets ...… read more
A soft plant, the stems weakly erect or supported by vegetation or rocks, with bilateral yellow flowers in racemes shorter than the leaves. Flowers: 1/2-3/4" (1.3-2 cm) long, with 2 tiny sepals that drop off; 4 very different petals: uppermost, as ...… read more
Clusters of fragrant, white, pantaloon-shaped flowers are on a leafless stalk and overtop the much-divided, feathery basal leaves. Flowers: 3/4" (2 cm) long; petals 4, the 2 outer ones with inflated spurs forming a V that results in the unique floral ...… read more
The weak, creeping, 4-sided stems bear 3-7 bilateral lavender to blue-violet flowers whorled in clusters in the axils of scalloped leaves. Flowers: 1/2-1" (1.3-2.5 cm) long; corolla spotted with purple, lower lobe with a broad central portion and 2 ...… read more
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